Problem redirecting http to https

You can config reverse proxy rules in nginx.

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  example.com;

        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
		
        location / {
			proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9001;
        }
    }

I have solved it by adding a 301 redirect to http.

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.wenbihui.com wenbihui.com;
    rewrite ^(.*)$ https://$host$1 permanent;
}

then nginx -s reload.

It's so sad, even if I use the method above, there is still a problem, which will cause too many redirects and cannot be opened.
I think it might be a conflict with cloudflare?
There is no way, now my website only has http enabled, I will try again later.

It would be great if anyone could tell me how to configure it. My environment and needs are:

1. I use docker , the port of answer is 9001:80
2. I use nginx
3. I expect to use both http and https
4. I expect http to redirect to https.